In this note, we are going to learn about the Carbonization of Coal or Coal Carbonization and Types of Carbonization. Welcome to Poly Notes Hub, a leading destination for Engineering Notes for Diploma and Degree Engineering Students.
Author Name: Arun Paul.
Carbonization of Coal or Coal Carbonization
The process in which coal is converted into coke is called Carbonization. In this process, coal is heated in a closed retort in the absence of air at a high temperature, causing the coal to decompose into a dense, porous, and lustrous mass known as coke. This process is also referred to as coking of coal.
Types of Coal Carbonization
Based on temperature, carbonization is classified into two types –
- Low-temperature carbonization: The process is carried out at 500–700°C. The yield of coke is about 75–80% and it contains 8–12% volatile matter. The coke obtained is not mechanically strong but highly reactive and can be easily ignited to give a smokeless flame and used as domestic fuel. The various products of LTC are semi-coke, low temperature spirit, and gas.
- High-temperature carbonization: The process is carried out generally at 900–1200°C, producing coke of good porosity, hardness, purity, and strength, and can be used in metallurgy. The by-products obtained are coal gas, coal tar, and liquor ammonia.
The carbonization of coal is an essential industrial process that turns coal into coke by heating it in the absence of air. This process, known as coking, produces a dense, porous material with many industrial applications. Carbonization of coal is classified into two types based on the operating temperature: low-temperature and high-temperature. Both types have specific functions, contributing to industries such as the manufacture of steel and energy generation. The carbonization of coal is important because it produces high-quality coke, which is required for metallurgical processes. Understanding the subtleties of coal carbonization allows for better efficiency and environmental effect. As a result, constant improvements in the carbonization of coal processes are critical for long-term development in linked businesses.