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by: Arun PaulPosted on: September 6, 2023September 9, 2023

Instruction set of 8051

In this note, we discuss the Instruction Set of 8051 Microcontroller. Poly Notes Hub shares a brief knowledge of it.

Table of Contents

Introduction of Instruction set of 8051

The instruction set of 8051 is divided into 5 categories. They are as follows:

Arithmetic Instruction
Logical Instruction
Data Transfer Instruction
Boolean Variable Manipulation Instruction
Program and Machine Control Instruction

We have listed all the instruction set of 8051 with examples with description. Each instruction set of 8051 are explained in the next sections one by one.

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Different types of Instruction Set of 8051 with examples

Below we describes all the types of instruction set of 8051 with examples.

Arithmetic Instructions

Mnemonics	Description
ADD A, Rn	Add register to Accumulator
ADD A, Direct	Add direct byte to Accumulator
ADD A, @Ri	Add indirect RAM to Accumulator
ADD A, #data	Add immediate data to Accumulator
ADDC A, Rn	Add register to accumulator with carry flag
ADDC A, direct	Add direct byte to A with the carry flag
ADDC A, @Ri	Add indirect RAM to the Accumulator with carry flag
SUBB A, Rn	Subtract register from A with borrow
SUBB A, direct	Subtract direct byte from A with borrow
SUBB A, @Ri	Subtract indirect RAM from A with borrow
INC A	Increment Accumulator
INC Rn	Increment Register
INC direct	Increment direct byte
INC @Ri	Increment indirect RAM
DEC A	Decrement Accumulator
DEC Rn	Decrement Register
DEC direct	Decrement direct byte
DEC @Ri	Decrement indirect RAM
INC DPTR	Increment data pointer
MUL AB	Multiply A and B
DIV AB	Divided A by B
DA A	Decimal adjust Accumulator

Logical Instructions

Mnemonics	Description
ANL A, Rn	AND register to Accumulator
ANL A, direct	AND direct byte to Accumulator
ANL A, #data	AND immediate data to Accumulator
ANL direct, A	AND Accumulator to direct byte
ORL A, Rn	OR register to Accumulator
ORL A, direct	OR direct byte to Accumulator
ORL A, #data	OR immediate data to Accumulator
ORL direct, A	OR Accumulator to direct byte
XRL A, Rn	XOR register to Accumulator
XRL A, direct	XOR direct byte to Accumulator
XRL A, #data	XOR immediate data to Accumulator
XRL direct, A	XOR Accumulator to direct byte
CLR A	Clear Accumulator
CPL A	Complement Accumulator
RL A	Rotate Accumulator Left
RLC A	Rotate Accumulator Left through carry
RR A	Rotate Accumulator Right
RRC A	Rotate Accumulator Right through carry
SWAP A	Swap nibbles within the Accumulator

Data Transfer Instructions

Mnemonics	Description
MOV A, Rn	Move register to Accumulator
MOV A, direct	Move direct byte to Accumulator
MOV A, @Ri	Move indirect RAM to Accumulator
MOV A, #data	Move immediate data to Accumulator
MOV Rn, A	Move Accumulator to Register
MOV Rn, direct	Move direct byte to Register
MOV Rn, #data	Move immediate data to Register
MOV direct, A	Move Accumulator to direct byte
MOV direct, Rn	Move register to direct byte
MOV direct, direct	Move direct byte to direct byte
PUSH direct	Push direct byte onto stack
POP direct	Pop direct byte from stack
XCH A, Rn	Exchange register with Accumulator
XCH A, direct	Exchange direct byte with Accumulator
XCH A, @Ri	Exchange indirect RAM with Accumulator
XCHD A, @Ri	Exchange low-order nibble indirect RAM with Accumulator

Boolean Variable Manipulation Instructions

Mnemonics	Description
CLR C	Clear carry flag
CLR bit	Clear direct bit
SETB C	Set carry flag
SETB bit	Set direct bit
CPL C	Complement carry flag
CPL bit	Complement direct bit
ANL C, bit	AND direct bit to carry flag
ANL C, bit	AND complement of direct bit to carry
ORL C, bit	OR direct bit to carry flag
ORL C, bit	OR complement of direct bit to carry
MOV C, bit	Move direct bit to carry flag

Program and Machine Control Instructions

Mnemonics	Description
ACALL addr 11	Absolute subroutine call
LCALL addr 16	Long subroutine call
RET	Return from subroutine
RETI	Return from interrupt
AJMP addr 11	Absolute jump
LJMP addr 16	Long jump
SJMP rel	Short jump

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