What is Regenerative Braking System in EVs? – Block Diagram | New Topic [2024]

In this note, we are going to learn about Regenerative Braking System in EVs and the Block Diagram of Regenerative Braking System. Welcome to Poly Notes Hub, a leading destination for Engineering Notes.

Author Name: Arun Paul.

What is Regenerative Braking System in EVs?

Vehicles, especially electric vehicle and hybrid ones, use a technique called a Regenerative Braking System to recover energy lost during braking. In conventional braking systems, kinetic energy is lost as waste when a vehicle stops because friction converts it to heat.

This kinetic energy is changed into electrical energy in a regenerative braking system, though. The vehicle’s kinetic energy is converted into electricity by the electric motor when the brakes are applied. This electricity is then stored in the vehicle’s battery or used to power other systems. Then, by using this stored energy to aid in propulsion, total efficiency can be increased while energy consumption is decreased.

Block Diagram of Regenerative Braking System in EVs

Above shows the Block Diagram of Regenerative Braking System in EVs –

1. Motor or Generator: This part fulfills two functions. It works like an electric motor as it accelerates, using the battery’s energy to move the car forward. On the other hand, it functions as a generator when the car is braking, turning its kinetic energy into electrical energy. After then, the electrical energy is either used to power other systems inside the car or saved in the battery for later use. A key component of regenerative braking, which facilitates energy recovery and raises overall efficiency in electric cars, is the motor/generator.
2. Controller: The controller is in charge of controlling how the generator and motor work together. It takes input data from a variety of sensors, including ones that monitor the battery’s level of charge, brake pedal position, and vehicle speed. The controller uses this input to calculate the proper braking force and modifies the motor/generator’s operation accordingly. The controller makes sure the motor/generator runs like a generator when braking, effectively transforming kinetic energy into electrical energy. Additionally, it controls the flow of this regenerated energy, sending it to the battery for storage or, depending on what’s needed, to other systems in the car. All things considered, the controller is essential to increasing energy recovery, streamlining the regenerative braking process, and raising the efficiency of electric cars.
3. Battery System: The major means of storing the electrical energy recovered while braking is the battery in the regenerative braking system. Electrical energy is produced by the motor/generator when it works as a generator during braking and is then sent to the battery for storage. This regenerated energy is stored in the battery for use at a later time, as when the vehicle is accelerating or while powering its auxiliary systems. In order to guarantee effective use of the stored energy, the controller also keeps an eye on and regulates the battery’s state of charge. The battery, an essential part of the regenerative braking system, captures and stores energy that would otherwise be wasted during braking, enhancing the overall energy efficiency and range of electric vehicles.

Advantages

Below we listed some advantages of Regenerative Braking System –

1. It restore the kinetic energy and reuse it.
2. It reducing waste.
3. This system provides smoother braking.
4. It produces lower emission and less environmental effect.

Disadvantages

Below we listed some disadvantages of Regenerative Braking System –

1. The system is very complex.
2. It can be generate heat.
3. It requires regular maintenance.