In this note, we are discussing the Fundamentals of Measurements like What is Instrumentation? What is Measuring ? and about some static characteristics. Welcome to Poly Notes Hub, an ultimate destination for Polytechnic Notes or Diploma Engineering Notes.
Author Name: Arun Paul.
Fundamentals of Measurements
What is Instrumentation ?
It is a technology of measurement that serves not only science but all branches of engineering, medicine, and almost every human endeavor. The knowledge of any parameter largely depends on the measurement. The in-depth knowledge of any parameter can be easily understood by the use of measurement and further modifications can also be obtained.
What is Measuring ?
It is used to monitor a process or operation, as well as the controlling process. For example, thermometers, barometers, and anemometers are used to indicate environmental conditions. Similarly, water, gas, and electric meters are used to keep track of the quantity of the commodity used, and special monitoring equipment is used in the hospitals.
Static Characteristics
The static characteristics are, in general, considered for instruments that are used to measure an unvarying process condition. All the static performance characteristics are obtained by one form or another of a process called calibration. Below we discuss some static characteristics are –
- Instrument: A device or mechanism used to determine the present value of the quantity under measurement.
- Measurement: The process of determining the amount, degree, or capacity by comparison with the accepted standards of the system units being used.
- Accuracy: The degree of exactness of a measurement compared to the expected value.
- Resolution: The smallest change in a measured variable to which an instrument will respond.
- Precision: A measure of the consistency or repeatability of measurements that is successive reading do not differ.
- Expected Value: The design value that is the most probable value that calculations indicate one should expect to measure.
- Error: The deviation of the true value from the desired value.
- Sensitivity: The ratio of the change in output of the instrument to a change of the input or measured variable.
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