In this post, you will get the Fuel chapter questions and answers (short questions and answers) of the Applied Chemistry or Engineering Chemistry Book of Diploma or Polytechnic Engineering Students and B.Tech. Engineering 1st Year Students.
In the post we have many short questions and their answers of fuel chapter. Students have to go through this to score better in final exam because these questions are very important.
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Author Name: Arun Paul.
Fuel Chapter Questions and Answers | Applied Chemistry for Engineering 1st Year Students
1. Name one secondary solid fuel.
Answer: Coke is one secondary solid fuel obtained from coal.
2. Write a brief account on calorific value of fuel.
Answer: The calorific value of a fuel is the amount of heat energy produced when one kilogram of the fuel is completely burned in air. It indicates the efficiency and quality of the fuel.
3. Write down the advantages of liquid fuel over solid fuel.
Answer: Liquid fuels are easier to handle, transport, and store. They burn more efficiently, produce less ash, and can be used directly in internal combustion engines.
4. How is the calorific value of fuel calculated?
Answer: The calorific value is determined using a bomb calorimeter, which measures the heat released during the complete combustion of a known quantity of fuel.
5. What is meant by calorific value of a fuel?
Answer: Calorific value refers to the total amount of heat energy obtained by the complete combustion of a unit mass or volume of a fuel.
6. How is the calorific value of fuel determined?
Answer: It is determined experimentally using a bomb calorimeter under controlled conditions.
7. What is destructive distillation of coal?
Answer: Destructive distillation is the heating of coal in the absence of air to obtain useful products like coke, coal gas, and coal tar.
8. What is pulverised coal?
Answer: Pulverised coal is coal that has been ground into a fine powder to increase its surface area, ensuring better combustion in furnaces.
9. On what factors does the efficiency of a fuel depend?
Answer: Efficiency depends on factors such as moisture content, impurities, ignition temperature, and the calorific value of the fuel.
10. What is petroleum?
Answer: Petroleum is a naturally occurring liquid mixture of hydrocarbons found beneath the Earth’s surface. It is refined to produce fuels like petrol, diesel, and kerosene.
11. Name two important products obtained from fractional distillation of petroleum.
Answer: Petrol (gasoline) and diesel oil are two important products obtained from fractional distillation.
12. Write a short note on cracking of petroleum.
Answer: Cracking is the process of breaking large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, more useful ones such as petrol and ethylene using heat or catalysts.
13. Name the catalyst used in cracking.
Answer: Catalysts such as alumina (Al₂O₃) or silica (SiO₂) are commonly used in catalytic cracking.
14. What is knocking?
Answer: Knocking is the unwanted early ignition of the fuel-air mixture in an internal combustion engine, leading to reduced efficiency and engine damage.
15. What do you mean by octane number of liquid fuel?
Answer: The octane number measures the fuel’s resistance to knocking. A higher octane number means better performance and smoother engine operation.
16. What are antiknock compounds?
Answer: Antiknock compounds are chemical additives mixed with petrol to prevent knocking. They increase the octane rating of fuel.
17. Write short notes on ‘Lead free petrol’.
Answer: Lead-free petrol is fuel that does not contain tetraethyl lead as an antiknock agent, making it safer for the environment and catalytic converters.
18. Name any one antiknock compound.
Answer: Tetraethyl lead (Pb(C₂H₅)₄) is a well-known antiknock compound (though now banned due to toxicity).
19. Name one antiknock compound and state its function.
Answer: Tetraethyl lead; it prevents knocking in petrol engines by improving the octane rating of fuel.
20. Define cetane number.
Answer: The cetane number measures the ignition quality of diesel fuel. A higher cetane number indicates easier ignition and smoother engine operation.
21. Name any two dopants.
Answer: Examples: Ethanol and methanol are dopants used to improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions.
22. Write down the composition of coal gas. Why is it poisonous?
Answer: Coal gas mainly contains hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, and small amounts of hydrocarbons. It is poisonous due to the presence of carbon monoxide.
23. Write down the composition of water gas.
Answer: Water gas is a mixture of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H₂).
24. Name one fuel which is used as a source of hydrogen.
Answer: Water gas is commonly used as a source of hydrogen.
25. Write in brief the manufacture of water gas.
Answer: Water gas is produced by passing steam over red-hot coke:
C + H₂O → CO + H₂
26. Differentiate between water gas and producer gas.
Answer: Water gas contains CO and H₂ and has high calorific value, while producer gas contains CO, N₂, and has lower calorific value.
27. Write the main components of LPG.
Answer: Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) mainly consists of butane (C₄H₁₀) and propane (C₃H₈).
28. What are the uses of LPG?
Answer: LPG is used as a domestic cooking fuel, in automobiles, heating appliances, and industrial processes.
29. Which compound is mixed with LPG to detect a leakage?
Answer: Ethyl mercaptan (C₂H₅SH) is added to LPG to impart a strong odor for easy leakage detection.
30. What is the full form of LPG?
Answer: LPG stands for Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
31. What is the full form of CNG?
Answer: CNG stands for Compressed Natural Gas.
32. What is biogas?
Answer: Biogas is a renewable fuel produced by anaerobic decomposition of organic waste like cow dung, consisting mainly of methane and carbon dioxide.
33. What are the uses of biogas?
Answer: Biogas is used for cooking, lighting, electricity generation, and as a fuel for vehicles.
34. What is the principal constituent of gobar gas?
Answer: The main constituent of gobar gas is methane (CH₄).