What is Energy Demand and Supply? | New Topic [2024]

In this note, we are going to learn a topic called “What is Energy Demand and Supply?“. Welcome to Poly Notes Hub, a leading destination for polytechnic notes for diploma and degree engineering students.

Author Name: Arun Paul.

What is Energy Demand and Supply?

1. Energy Demand

Energy Demand is the amount of electrical energy required by individuals, communities, companies, and economies to meet their diverse requirements and activities. Factors that influence it include population expansion, economic development, technology improvements, lifestyle changes, and energy efficiency measures.

Energy demand can be divided into several sectors:

• Residential Sector: Home energy consumption includes heating, cooling, lighting, cooking, and appliances.
• Commercial Sector: Commercial buildings, offices, retail spaces, and organizations utilize energy in the same way as homes do.
• Industrial Sector: Energy consumed in manufacturing operations, industrial machinery, and other industrial applications.

2. Energy Supply

Energy Supply refers to the availability of energy resources, as well as the infrastructure and technologies utilized to extract, process, and distribute energy to users. It includes both main energy sources or primary energy sources such as fossil fuels, renewables, and nuclear energy, as well as secondary energy sources such as electricity, heat, and mechanical power.

Energy supply systems include the following:

• Extraction and Production: Processes for extracting primary energy sources from the environment include drilling for oil, mining coal, harvesting biomass, and harnessing renewable energy.
• Conversion: Primary energy sources are transformed into more useable forms of energy, such as refining crude oil into gasoline, transforming coal into electricity via power plants, or generating electricity using solar panels or wind turbines.
• Transmission and Distribution: Energy is transported from producing sites to consuming centers via pipelines, transmission lines, and distribution networks.
• Storage and Backup: Storing extra energy for future use, as well as providing backup systems, ensures energy supply dependability and resilience.